uncleflo
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Shock Mitigation in Low-Density Thermoplastic Foams Part I – Dealing with Inbound Kinetic Energy
Saved by uncleflo on December 7th, 2014.
Low-density thermoplastic foams are frequently used as energy-absorbing foams. That is, kinetic energy from an incoming mass is mostly dissipated in the foam, resulting in little, if any, throwback or reverse propulsion of the mass from the foam. Typically, energy absorption is described in terms of the area under the foam stress-strain curve. The typical stress-strain curve for a low-density foam is depicted as having three general components: At low compression, say, less than about 5%, the foam acts as a Hookean elastic spring. That is, the extent of compression, ε, is directly proportional to the applied stress, σ , with the proportionality, Ef, being the modulus of the foam: σ = Ef ε. For essentially all foams, the modulus of the foam is directly related to the modulus of the polymer, Ep, and the ratio of squares of the foam density, Ep, and polymer density, ρP: Ef = Ep (ρf / ρo)².
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