uncleflo
Registered since September 28th, 2017
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MIT OCW - 2.972 How a Hydrofoil Works
Saved by uncleflo on February 12th, 2022.
The rquirement is to lift the boat's hull outside the water. Hydrofoil (It is a foil or wing under water used to lift the boat's hull until it is totally outside the water.) Explanation: 1. At low speeds the hull (body of ship) sits in the water and the hydrofoils are totally submerged in the water. 2. As the boat's speed increases, the hydrofoils create lift. 3. At a certain speed, the lift produced by the hydrofoils equals the sum of of the boat and cargo weights. Therefore the hull comes out of the water. 4. Instead of having an increase in drag with increasing speed because the hull is lifted out of the water (contrary to what happens in traditional boats due to pressure drag), the hydrofoils provide a more efficient way of cruising. Decreasing the drag contributes to the better use of the power needed for the movement of the boat.
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How a Sail Gives Lift
Saved by uncleflo on April 10th, 2021.
How many times have you heard that a sail gives lift to drive a boat because, "the air travels faster on the lee side for it has farther to go than it does on the windward side. So the pressures are different and you get lift." Well, that is wrong! Even a perfectly flat thin airfoil, with the same distance on both sides, has lift when it is at an angle to the wind.
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Arvel Gentry | North Sails
Saved by uncleflo on April 10th, 2021.
In the first edition of the Art and Science of Sails, written by Tom Whidden, president of North Sails Group, LLC, and Michael Levitt, and published by St. Martin’s Press, the authors used Arvel Gentry’s now famous Bathtub Experiment to demonstrate the existence of Circulation, or a second force, that operates around an airfoil, like a sail, wing, or keel etc. Big picture: it’s the combined effort of these two forces that makes the wind speed up on the leeward side — and thus show low pressure — and slow down on the windward side of a sail — high pressure. Gentry was the Boeing engineer who first taught sailors aerodynamics. These diagrams first appeared in Gentry’s Sail magazine articles. In the Revised Edition, the authors used computer testing to show where the wind speeds up around a sail plan and where it slows down. And why and by how much? Nevertheless, Gentry’s experiment is the standard — still popular on the web — and it was left it out of the Revised Edition with trepidation, but we linked in the book to this web page.
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FoilSim Download
Saved by uncleflo on June 3rd, 2014.
FoilSim - Student was developed at the NASA Glenn Research Center in an effort to foster hands-on, inquiry-based learning in science and math. FoilSim is interactive simulation software that determines the airflow around various shapes of airfoils. The Airfoil View Panel (shown below) is a simulated view of a wing being tested in a wind tunnel with air moving past it from left to right. Students change the position and shape of the wing by moving slider controls that vary the parameters of airspeed, altitude, angle of attack, thickness and curvature of the airfoil, and size of the wing area. The software displays plots of pressure or airspeed above and below the airfoil surface. A probe monitors air conditions (speed and pressure) at a particular point on or close to the surface of the airfoil. The software calculates the lift of the airfoils, allowing students to learn the factors that influence lift. The software includes a stall model for the airfoil and a model of the Martian atmosphere for lift comparisons. The latest version (FoilSim III - Version 1.4b) performs a table look-up of experimental data to determine the drag of the foil. A technical paper describing the details of the mathematical method used in FoilSim is also available.
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NACA 4 digit airfoil generator (NACA 4408 AIRFOIL)
Saved by uncleflo on April 2nd, 2014.
This NACA airfoil series is controlled by 4 digits e.g. NACA 2412, which designate the camber, position of the maximum camber and thickness.
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